The soil is the plant's reservoir of water, nutrients & oxygen. Compacted soil has less pore space to store what the plant needs. Soil compaction prevents moisture penetration, reduces fertiliser & chemical uptake, creates conditions for anaerobic microbes to build up & hinders plant root growth.
A soil penetrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the penetration resistance or firmness of soil.
It consists of a slender, cylindrical probe or rod with a pointed tip that is inserted into the soil.
